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Dr. Amit Goswami's
Creative Evolution
What good is one quarter of an eye or a tenth of a wing? A trait is useful for survival only when it is fully developed. Organismic biologists challenge traditional Darwinistic biologists, holding that the evolutionary emergence of a new trait cannot be a gradual, bit-by-bit process.
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Editor's note: The following is from Dr. Goswami's book, "Creative Evolution: A Physicist's Resolution Between Darwinism And Intelligent Design."
“Organismic biologists emphasize the importance of accounting for the development of macroscopic traits, and eventually the development of the entire organism, through evolution (Ho and Saunders, 1984).
“The importance of considering the development of individual traits becomes obvious if we ask the question this way: What good is one quarter of an eye or a tenth of a wing? A trait is useful for survival only when it is fully developed. Organismic biologists hold that the evolutionary emergence of a new trait cannot be a gradual, Darwinian, bit-by-bit process. Pieces of microscopic genetic variation that produce only a small fraction of a macroscopic trait would be eliminated by natural selection; they have no survival benefit…
“Darwinists think that an organ can evolve bit by bit. Sometimes they argue that a quarter of an eye is not useful for seeing, but it might have been useful for some other purpose during the course of evolution. But for something as complex as the eye, which requires thousands of genetic changes, this argument would claim thousands of alternate uses for all those intermediate, developmental stages of the eye. Doesn’t sound worthwhile, does it? Moreover, the issue of finding intermediate fossils for all those intermediate stages would not go away.”
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